Question 1

During isovolumetric relaxation,

Accepted Answer

A)  the AV and semilunar valves are closed and ventricular pressure is increasing.
B)  the AV valves are open, the semilunar valves are closed, and ventricular pressure is decreasing.
C)  the AV and semilunar valves are closed and ventricular pressure is decreasing.
D)  the AV and semilunar valves are open and ventricular pressure is decreasing.
E)  the AV and semilunar valves are open and ventricular pressure is increasing.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a part of the excitation- contraction coupling in cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)  An action potential travels along transverse tubules.
B)  Calcium binds to calmodulin in the cytosol.
C)  Calcium channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum open, allowing calcium ions to enter the cytosol.
D)  Calcium channels in the plasma membrane open, allowing calcium ions to enter the cell.
E)  Calcium opens calcium channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

In what phase is the cardiac cycle when the semilunar valves are open and AV valves are closed?

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial contraction
B)  ventricular filling
C)  isovolumetric contraction
D)  isovolumetric relaxation
E)  ventricular ejectionF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

If both the SA node and the AV node fail, what would be the expected outcome of impulse rate within the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  The heart is autorhythmic therefore it continually beats even after death because death is defined as a lack of brain waves.
B)  The sympathetic nervous system takes over and maintains normal heart rate.
C)  The vagus nerve takes over and maintains a normal heart rate.
D)  The rate would be 30- 40 beats per minute due to the concentration of pacemaker cells in the Purkinje fibers.
E)  The individual would be in heart failure or have a myocardial infarction due to the lack of a beating heart.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Ejection of blood from the right ventricle will continue until

Accepted Answer

A)  pressure in the pulmonary artery is less than pressure in the right ventricle.
B)  pressure in the aorta is greater than pressure in the right ventricle.
C)  pressure in the pulmonary artery is greater than pressure in the right ventricle.
D)  the pulmonary semilunar valve contracts, inducing closure.
E)  pressure in the aorta is less than pressure in the right ventricle.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Contractile activity of cardiac muscle is neurogenic

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The depolarization of the action potential in the pacemaker cells is driven by the rapid influx of ions through channels.

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium : funny
B)  sodium : funny
C)  potassium : T- type calcium
D)  sodium : T- type calcium
E)  calcium : L- type calciumF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

The increase in ventricular volume early in diastole reflects the

Accepted Answer

A)  back- flow of blood from the aorta.
B)  relaxation of the ventricle.
C)  contraction of the atria moving blood into the ventricle.
D)  passive movement of blood through the atrium and into the ventricle.
E)  increased stiffness of the heart.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 9

What is occurring during ventricular ejection?

Accepted Answer

A)  The AV and semilunar valves are closed as ventricular pressure is increasing.
B)  The AV valves are open and the semilunar valves are closed as ventricular pressure is. increasing
C)  The AV and semilunar valves are open as blood is leaving the ventricles.
D)  The AV valves are open and the semilunar valves are closed as blood is leaving the ventricles.
E)  The AV valves are closed and the semilunar valves are open as blood is leaving the ventricles.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following variables is NOT involved in determining ventricular preload?

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial pressure
B)  venous return
C)  afterload
D)  filling time
E)  central venous pressureF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

What are the three layers of the heart, from inside to outside?

Accepted Answer

A)  epicardium, myocardium, and endothelium
B)  endothelium, epicardium, and myocardium
C)  endothelium, myocardium, and epicardium
D)  myocardium, epicardium, and endothelium
E)  myocardium, endothelium, and epicardiumF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Which statement best describes why atrial depolarization is usually not detected on a normal ECG?

Accepted Answer

A)  The electrodes cannot be placed high enough on the chest to detect the atria.
B)  The atria do not contract only the AV valves open.
C)  The voltage change in the atria is minimal and therefore does not register on an ECG.
D)  It occurs at the same time as the QRS complex.
E)  The atria are so small and the depolarization happens so quickly that it cannot be detected.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

In what phase is the cardiac cycle when all four valves are closed and pressure in the ventricle is decreasing?

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial contraction
B)  ventricular filling
C)  isovolumetric contraction
D)  isovolumetric relaxation
E)  ventricular ejectionF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 14

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are all four heart valves open?

Accepted Answer

A)  isovolumetric relaxation
B)  isovolumetric contraction
C)  ventricular filling
D)  ventricular ejection
E)  noneF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

The term autorhythmicity refers to the heart's ability to

Accepted Answer

A)  generate its own contractile cycle.
B)  intrinsically modify its contractility.
C)  originate its contraction neurogenically.
D)  act as a functional syncytium.
E)  conduct action potentials along the conduction pathway.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

John has aged gracefully now at the age of 75 with distinguished gray hair and beard, unfortunately his SA node has failed and his heart rate is down to 40 beats per minute. An ECG shows bradycardia and his stroke volume is calculated to be 80 mL. John is short of breath and has low blood pressure and is feeling quite unwell. John's brother Jim is 78 years old and was a triathlete for many years and still swims and bikes five days a week. Jim's resting heart rate is 50 beats per minute and he feels great. His stroke volume has been calculated to be 120 mL per beat. Calculate the cardiac output for both John and Jim and explain why Jim feels so much better than John.

Accepted Answer

CO = SV × HR. John's CO = 80 × 40 = 3200...

Question 17

In an ECG recording, the RR interval is 0.5 seconds. What is the heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 beats/min
B)  120 beats/min
C)  60 beats/min
D)  100 beats/min
E)  50 beats/minF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following is responsible for the rapid depolarization phase of an action potential within the pacemaker cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in PNa
B)  an increase in PNa
C)  an increase in PCa
D)  an increase in PK
E)  a decrease in PKF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Abnormal electrical activity of the heart is called myocardial infarction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which channel type allows ion movement out of the cell during repolarization of the autorhythmic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium channels
B)  T- type calcium channels
C)  funny channels
D)  L- type calcium channels
E)  voltage- gated sodium channelsF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Exam 13: The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

What is occurring during ventricular ejection?

Correct Answer
verified

Contractile activity of cardiac muscle is neurogenic

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a part of the excitation- contraction coupling in cardiac muscle?

Correct Answer
verified

Ejection of blood from the right ventricle will continue until

Correct Answer
verified

The depolarization of the action potential in the pacemaker cells is driven by the rapid influx of ions through channels.

Correct Answer
verified

In an ECG recording, the RR interval is 0.5 seconds. What is the heart rate?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
CO = SV × HR. John's CO = 80 × 40 = 3200...
View Answer

Which of the following variables is NOT involved in determining ventricular preload?

Correct Answer
verified

The increase in ventricular volume early in diastole reflects the

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement best describes why atrial depolarization is usually not detected on a normal ECG?

Correct Answer
verified

In what phase is the cardiac cycle when all four valves are closed and pressure in the ventricle is decreasing?

Correct Answer
verified

Abnormal electrical activity of the heart is called myocardial infarction.

Correct Answer
verified

If both the SA node and the AV node fail, what would be the expected outcome of impulse rate within the heart?

Correct Answer
verified

The term autorhythmicity refers to the heart's ability to

Correct Answer
verified

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are all four heart valves open?

Correct Answer
verified

Which channel type allows ion movement out of the cell during repolarization of the autorhythmic cells?

Correct Answer
verified

During isovolumetric relaxation,

Correct Answer
verified

What are the three layers of the heart, from inside to outside?

Correct Answer
verified

In what phase is the cardiac cycle when the semilunar valves are open and AV valves are closed?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is responsible for the rapid depolarization phase of an action potential within the pacemaker cells?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

What is occurring during ventricular ejection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contractile activity of cardiac muscle is neurogenic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a part of the excitation- contraction coupling in cardiac muscle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ejection of blood from the right ventricle will continue until

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The depolarization of the action potential in the pacemaker cells is driven by the rapid influx of ions through channels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an ECG recording, the RR interval is 0.5 seconds. What is the heart rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedCO = SV × HR. John's CO = 80 × 40 = 3200...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following variables is NOT involved in determining ventricular preload?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The increase in ventricular volume early in diastole reflects the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement best describes why atrial depolarization is usually not detected on a normal ECG?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what phase is the cardiac cycle when all four valves are closed and pressure in the ventricle is decreasing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Abnormal electrical activity of the heart is called myocardial infarction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If both the SA node and the AV node fail, what would be the expected outcome of impulse rate within the heart?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term autorhythmicity refers to the heart's ability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which phase of the cardiac cycle are all four heart valves open?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which channel type allows ion movement out of the cell during repolarization of the autorhythmic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During isovolumetric relaxation,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the three layers of the heart, from inside to outside?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what phase is the cardiac cycle when the semilunar valves are open and AV valves are closed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is responsible for the rapid depolarization phase of an action potential within the pacemaker cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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CO = SV × HR. John's CO = 80 × 40 = 3200...
View Answer

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