Question 1

Which of the following is a reason why managers fail to generate creative solutions?

Accepted Answer

A)  They find it difficult to view problems from a fresh perspective.
B)  They often fail to specify the criteria that are important in reaching a decision.
C)  They violate domestic or international laws or government regulations.
D)  They fail to perform a cost-benefit analysis of the various alternatives.
E)  They do not have complete information in most cases.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

Generating creative alternatives to solve problems may require managers to abandon their existing mind-sets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

_________ is the process that managers use to deal with opportunities and threats by analyzing the options and making determinations, or decisions, about specific organizational goals and courses of actions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Groupthink
B)  Intuition
C)  Decision making
D)  Bounded rationality
E)  HeuristicsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

________ is an organization in which managers enable subordinates to think creatively in order to maximize the potential for organizational learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  A learning organization
B)  A dialectical organization
C)  Skunkworks
D)  An intuitive organization
E)  A heuristic organizationF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Eileen, a college professor, has to pick a textbook for an upcoming course.She has just enough time to review a few books from the many choices available.She settles for one of the books, even though the best book might be a book that she hasn't yet reviewed.What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

A)  optimizing
B)  brainstorming
C)  rationality binding
D)  satisficing
E)  cognitive biasingF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Escalating commitment is the tendency of decision makers to overestimate their ability to control activities and events.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to March and Simon, humans are limited in their ability to interpret, process, and act on information.When the number of suitable alternatives are greater than what a manager can evaluate, Marc and Simon refer to this as

Accepted Answer

A)  prior-hypothesis.
B)  bounded rationality.
C)  productive blocking.
D)  illusion of control.
E)  satisficing ambiguity.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

Which of the following group decision-making processes is a written approach, without meeting face-to-face, to creative problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Delphi technique
B)  dialectical inquiry
C)  brainstorming
D)  nominal group technique
E)  devil's advocacyF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

_____ is a critical analysis of a preferred alternative, defending unpopular or opposing alternatives for the sake of argument.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dialectical inquiry
B)  Devil's advocacy
C)  Groupthink
D)  Prior-hypothesis bias
E)  Organizational learningF) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 10

During the last several months at FSE Inc., workers' overtime hours have increased by more than 15%.Based on managers' decisions in the past, James Calloway, a top manager at FSE Inc.decided to hire additional staff.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  reasoned judgment.
B)  programmed decision making.
C)  nonprogrammed decision making.
D)  intuition.
E)  the classical model.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Based on decades of research by Kahenman and Tversky, which of the following is true about the confidence managers (and all people)  have regarding their intuition and reasoned judgments?

Accepted Answer

A)  They think they make poor decisions.
B)  They learn from their mistakes.
C)  They tend to be overconfident about their intuition and judgments.
D)  The majority think they are below average.
E)  The majority think they are more prone to making bad decisions than others.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Barbara, a school superintendent, hires an additional teacher whenever the student enrollment in a grade goes beyond 35.This can be classified as a(n)  _____ decision.

Accepted Answer

A)  programmed
B)  heuristic
C)  brainstormed
D)  intuitive
E)  creativeF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following is an advantage of group decision making?

Accepted Answer

A)  Managers can draw on the combined skills, competencies, and accumulated knowledge of group members.
B)  Managers can embark on a course of action without wasting time in evaluating its merits.
C)  Groups can rally around a central manager and the course of action that he supports.
D)  Groupthink can lead to better productivity.
E)  Group members commit to a decision without understanding its consequences.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

The tendency of managers to ignore critical information is not as serious as the existence of incomplete information.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Steven, a marketing manager, wants to budget the advertising for a new product launch.He is trying to determine the amount of money that the company can afford to spend on advertising.Which criterion of decision making is he focusing on?

Accepted Answer

A)  legality
B)  ethicality
C)  economic feasibility
D)  practicality
E)  product sustainabilityF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Two separate groups of managers are given a problem to solve, and then each group presents its proposed solution to top management in an attempt to determine the best course of action.This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  devil's advocacy.
B)  groupthink.
C)  dialectical inquiry.
D)  classical decision making.
E)  organizational learning.F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Compare and contrast programmed and nonprogrammed decision making in organizations.

Accepted Answer

Programmed decision making is a routine,...

Question 18

When _____ exists, managers are working blind.

Accepted Answer

A)  risk
B)  ambiguous information
C)  incomplete information
D)  bounded rationality
E)  uncertaintyF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Intrapreneurial managers who leave their current organizations because of a lack of opportunity and start their own companies are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  skunkworks.
B)  social entrepreneurs.
C)  entrepreneurs.
D)  product champions.
E)  devil's advocates.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

_____ refers to the loss of productivity in brainstorming sessions due to the unstructured nature of brainstorming.

Accepted Answer

A)  Production blocking
B)  Satisficing
C)  Nonprogrammed decision making
D)  Systematic error
E)  Illusion of controlF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Exam 7: Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship

The tendency of managers to ignore critical information is not as serious as the existence of incomplete information.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When _____ exists, managers are working blind.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following group decision-making processes is a written approach, without meeting face-to-face, to creative problem solving?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Steven, a marketing manager, wants to budget the advertising for a new product launch.He is trying to determine the amount of money that the company can afford to spend on advertising.Which criterion of decision making is he focusing on?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the last several months at FSE Inc., workers' overtime hours have increased by more than 15%.Based on managers' decisions in the past, James Calloway, a top manager at FSE Inc.decided to hire additional staff.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Generating creative alternatives to solve problems may require managers to abandon their existing mind-sets.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to March and Simon, humans are limited in their ability to interpret, process, and act on information.When the number of suitable alternatives are greater than what a manager can evaluate, Marc and Simon refer to this as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on decades of research by Kahenman and Tversky, which of the following is true about the confidence managers (and all people) have regarding their intuition and reasoned judgments?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is a critical analysis of a preferred alternative, defending unpopular or opposing alternatives for the sake of argument.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an advantage of group decision making?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is an organization in which managers enable subordinates to think creatively in order to maximize the potential for organizational learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast programmed and nonprogrammed decision making in organizations.

Correct AnswerverifiedProgrammed decision making is a routine,...View AnswerShow Answer

Intrapreneurial managers who leave their current organizations because of a lack of opportunity and start their own companies are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Escalating commitment is the tendency of decision makers to overestimate their ability to control activities and events.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ refers to the loss of productivity in brainstorming sessions due to the unstructured nature of brainstorming.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a reason why managers fail to generate creative solutions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_________ is the process that managers use to deal with opportunities and threats by analyzing the options and making determinations, or decisions, about specific organizational goals and courses of actions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Barbara, a school superintendent, hires an additional teacher whenever the student enrollment in a grade goes beyond 35.This can be classified as a(n) _____ decision.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eileen, a college professor, has to pick a textbook for an upcoming course.She has just enough time to review a few books from the many choices available.She settles for one of the books, even though the best book might be a book that she hasn't yet reviewed.What is this process called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two separate groups of managers are given a problem to solve, and then each group presents its proposed solution to top management in an attempt to determine the best course of action.This process is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Programmed decision making is a routine,...
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