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What factors are evaluated before a cell is allowed to proceed through the G1 checkpoint?


A) growth signals
B) availability of nutrients
C) the integrity of cellular DNA
D) all of the above
E) none of these

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Interphase:


A) occupies the majority of the cell cycle
B) includes G1,S and G2 stages
C) results in an increase in cell size
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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Oncogenes are all of the following EXCEPT:


A) mutated proto-oncogenes
B) cancer causing genes
C) genes that stimulate uncontrolled cell divisions
D) tumor suppressor genes

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which statement is NOT true about mitosis?


A) Mitosis is a process that duplicates and divides the nuclear contents only.
B) Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
C) Mitosis produces two daughter cells that contain the same kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell.
D) Mitosis uses a diploid (2n) parent cell to form daughter cells containing a haploid number(n) of chromosomes.
E) Mitosis is involved in development of a fertilized egg into a multicellular organism.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Apoptosis


A) is programmed cell death.
B) is a process that acts to decrease the number of somatic cells.
C) frees the fingers and toes of the human embryo from their 'webbed' structure to independent structures.
D) All of the choices are correct.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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What phase of mitosis is pictured? What phase of mitosis is pictured?   A) prophase B) prometaphase C) metaphase D) anaphase E) telophase


A) prophase
B) prometaphase
C) metaphase
D) anaphase
E) telophase

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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If a parent cell has 48 chromosomes,how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis and cytokinesis occurs?


A) 24 chromosomes
B) 48 chromosomes
C) 12 chromosomes
D) 96 chromosomes

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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can be unleashed by internal or external signals.

A) True
B) False

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Which does NOT occur in telophase?


A) Cytokinesis is under way.
B) The nuclear envelope is being reconstructed.
C) The centromeres split apart.
D) Chromosomes de-condense into chromatin.
E) The nucleolus reforms.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Cancer cells require many nutrients,which are supplied by blood vessels.The growth of new blood vessels to cancerous tissue is called:


A) angiogenesis
B) metastasis
C) carcinogenesis
D) apotosis

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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What is (are) the structures designated by the letter 'A'. What is (are) the structures designated by the letter 'A'.   A) spindle fibers B) centrioles C) chromosomes D) kinetochore microtubules


A) spindle fibers
B) centrioles
C) chromosomes
D) kinetochore microtubules

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The diploid (2n) number of chromosomes for a human being is


A) 23.
B) 24.
C) 44.
D) 46.
E) 48.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Binary fission in bacteria differs from mitosis because


A) the chromosome copies attach to the plasma membrane and are pulled apart by cell growth.
B) the chromosome is a simple DNA strand without complex proteins and no spindle forms.
C) there is no nuclear membrane to break down and rebuild.
D) All of the choices are correct.
E) None of the choices are correct.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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What structure will code for the proteins that will promote the normal cell cycle and prevent apoptosis?


A) Tumor suppressor genes
B) Oncogenes
C) Caspases
D) Proto-oncogenes

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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