A) Intergenic DNA may vary from one cell to another in the same individual.
B) The individual has different numbers of the same repeated sequence on each homologous chromosome.
C) The sample is contaminated with the DNA of another individual.
D) Each sister chromatid of a chromosome may contain different numbers of repeats.
E) It is not possible for this to occur.
G) B) and D)
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A) restriction enzymes
B) DNA ligase
C) DNA helicase
D) vector
E) plasmid
G) A) and E)
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A) The structure and function of cellular proteins and how they interact to contribute to traits.
B) The structure and function of cellular lipids and how they interact to contribute to traits.
C) The structure of carbohydrates and how they are converted into a useable form of energy for the body.
D) The structure of prions and how they can lead to various diseases within the body.
E) The interaction between cellular proteins and how they make up the bulk of the cell membrane.
G) None of the above
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A) specialized cell; clone
B) clone; enucleated egg
C) clone; specialized cell
D) embryonic stem cell; adult stem cell
E) enucleated egg; specialized cell
G) B) and C)
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A) producing high-yield tomato plants.
B) creating pest resistant versions of corn.
C) cleaning up oil spills.
D) generating pharmaceuticals.
E) producing new types of high yield beef.
G) All of the above
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A) 85%
B) 90%
C) 98%
D) 45%
E) There is no genetic similarity between humans and mice.
G) C) and D)
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A) bacteria that undergo mutations frequently
B) bacteria that degrade sludge
C) corn plants that are resistant to herbicides
D) cattle that secrete therapeutic proteins into their milk
E) carrots that produce influenza virus proteins that can be used as vaccines
G) B) and D)
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A) Modern vertebrate species all evolved from very different ancestral species so there is little similarity between their genomes.
B) Modern vertebrate species all evolved from the same ancestral species but they have changes so that their genomes are very different in modern times.
C) Ancestral species contained very similar genomes but modern vertebrate species have significant differences in their genomes.
D) Modern vertebrate species evolved from the same ancestors and a large portion of their genome is conserved.
E) Neither the ancestral species nor the modern one resemble each other genetically.
G) A) and B)
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A) Embryonic stem cells have longer telomeres and persist for much longer than adult stem cells.
B) Embryonic stem cells are capable of reverting to a G0 stage when starved.
C) Adult stem cells may become any type of cell, whereas embryonic stem cells may only become adult stem cells first.
D) Embryonic stem cells may become any type of cell, whereas adult stem cells may only become a limited number of cell types.
E) Adult stem cells have more restrictions that prevent them from re-entering the cell cycle at the G0 stage.
G) D) and E)
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A) 4096
B) 2048
C) 1024
D) 512
E) 256
G) D) and E)
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A) Adult stem cells have a longer lifespan in culture than embryonic stem cells, and would persist for a longer time in the patient's body.
B) Embryonic stem cells would not be able to enter the correct tissue of the patient's body, unlike an adult stem cell.
C) Adult stem cells must be obtained from another individual before being injected into the patient, and would be less likely to be rejected by the patient's body.
D) Embryonic stem cells may stop dividing within the patient's body once injected, unlike adult stem cells.
E) Adult stem cells may be obtained from the patient and would be less likely to be rejected by the patient's body.
G) A) and E)
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A) The development of new drugs for the treatment of disease.
B) The development of new surgical techniques.
C) The development of new transgenic food crops.
D) The development of new transgenic domesticated animals.
E) Genetic alterations to unborn children that will eliminate potential health problems.
G) A) and D)
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