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Children who are not as adversely affected by maltreatment are described as


A) hardy.
B) survivors.
C) resilient.
D) unaware.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Mary is an adult who likes to bite her nails,chew gum and ice,and is a dental hygienist.Freud would say she is ____________in the __________stage.


A) stuck; anal
B) fixated; oral
C) still; baby
D) having problems; genital

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Parenting quality has more impact on a child's emotional development than does attending day care.

A) True
B) False

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In the United States,the role of _________ as caregivers to young children has been dramatically increasing.


A) parents
B) cousins
C) grandparents
D) siblings

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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You can spoil a 2-year-old.

A) True
B) False

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The quality of early childhood attachment can impact the grown child's choice of a mate.

A) True
B) False

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___________ refers to the two-way emotional access parents and children have to each other.


A) Emotional availability
B) Emotional regulation
C) Emotional access
D) Emotional bidirectionality

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which one of the dimensions of temperament shows the child's initial response to novelty?


A) approach/withdrawal
B) adaptability
C) intensity
D) persistence

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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According to the ideal in attachment theory,when little Donnie falls and hurts his knee,he will


A) seek out his mother for comfort.
B) punch his friend.
C) get up and keep playing.
D) say bad words.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The __________ theory says each emotion has distinctive features in all cultures.


A) primary emotion
B) discrete emotion
C) secondary emotion
D) fundamental emotion

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Even infants can demonstrate empathy.

A) True
B) False

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Many children who are abused may end up depressed or with developmental delays.

A) True
B) False

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Most children are securely attached to their caregivers.

A) True
B) False

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The strongest risk factor for autism is


A) parental coldness.
B) having an autistic sibling.
C) parental social skills.
D) warmth in parenting during the first year.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The first stage in Erikson's theory is


A) Autonomy versus Shame.
B) Trust versus Mistrust.
C) autonomy versus Shame.
D) Initiative versus Guilt.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The primary emotions include


A) joy, sadness, anger, and fear.
B) joy, sadness, embarrassment, and fear.
C) joy, jealousy, pride, and sadness.
D) joy, fear, anxiety, and sadness.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The Strange Situation has been used and validated around the world.

A) True
B) False

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According to Erikson,shame and doubt are the same concept.

A) True
B) False

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____________ direct and energize behavior.


A) Thoughts
B) Emotions
C) People
D) Relationships

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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One big difference between Erikson and Freud's theories is that Erikson's


A) only went to puberty.
B) was psychoanalytic.
C) covered the whole life span.
D) did not include the influence of people.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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