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The misery index is calculated as the


A) inflation rate plus the unemployment rate.
B) unemployment rate minus the inflation rate.
C) actual inflation rate minus the expected inflation rate.
D) natural unemployment rate times the inflation rate

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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If a central bank increases the money supply in response to an adverse supply shock, then which of the following quantities moves closer to its pre-shock value as a result?


A) both the price level and output
B) the price level but not output
C) output but not the price level
D) neither output nor the price level

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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According to the short-run Phillips curve, if the central bank increases the money supply, then


A) inflation and unemployment will both fall.
B) inflation and unemployment will both rise.
C) inflation will fall and unemployment will rise.
D) inflation will rise and unemployment will fall.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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If people eventually adjust their inflation expectations so that in the long run actual and expected inflation are the same, then policymakers


A) can not exploit a tradeoff between inflation and unemployment in either the short or long run.
B) can exploit a tradeoff between inflation and unemployment in the short run but not in the long run.
C) can exploit a tradeoff between inflation and unemployment in both the short run and the long run.
D) can exploit a tradeoff between inflation and unemployment in the long run, but not the short run.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Milton Friedman argued that the Fed's control over the money supply could be used to peg


A) the level or growth rate of a nominal variable, but not the level or growth rate of a real variable.
B) the level of a nominal or real variable, but not the growth rate of a real or nominal variable.
C) the level or growth rate of a real variable, but not the level or growth rate of a nominal variable.
D) both levels and growth rates of both real and nominal variables.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Why does a downward-sloping Phillips curve imply a positive sacrifice ratio?

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A downward-sloping Phillips curve implie...

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A policy change that changes the natural rate of unemployment changes


A) neither the long-run Phillips curve nor the long-run aggregate supply curve.
B) both the long-run Phillips curve and the long-run aggregate supply curve.
C) the long-run Phillips curve, but not the long-run aggregate supply curve.
D) the long-run aggregate supply curve, but not the long-run Phillips curve.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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