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Exam 1: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

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Question 101

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Debriefing refers to

A) a technique for assessing the attitudes of those who respond to a survey.
B) repeating a research study with a different set of participants than those in the original study.
C) a procedure designed to inhibit hindsight bias.
D) an explanation of a research study given to those who have been its participants.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Question 102

Multiple Choice

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A negative correlation between degree of wealth and likelihood of suffering from a psychological disorder would indicate that

A) poverty makes people vulnerable to psychological disorders.
B) people who are poor are more likely to have a psychological disorder than are wealthy people.
C) psychological disorders usually prevent people from accumulating wealth.
D) all of these statements are correct.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Question 103

Multiple Choice

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To maximize control over the factors they are studying, researchers engage in

Dr. Wilcox conducts basic research on the behavioral differences between shy and outgoing people. Dr. Wilcox is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.

Lissette wonders whether personality differences between her African-American and Asian-American friends result from biological or cultural influences. In this instance, Lissette is primarily concerned with the relative contributions of

Focusing on the extent to which behavior is influenced by motives outside our own awareness is most relevant to the ________ perspective.

The study of psychology is potentially dangerous because

In a drug-treatment study, participants given a pill containing no actual drug are receiving a

Professor Bolden claims that his experimental research demonstrates that eating an apple every day improves children's reading skills. How might he best offer further support for the reliability of this finding?

In a survey, psychologists select a random sample of research participants in order to ensure that

Natassia believes that boys learn to be more aggressive than girls primarily because boys are more frequently pressured to defend themselves with fists. Natassia's belief is best described as an example of the ________ perspective.

Rodesia insists that Dr. Phillip's theory of aggression be checked against observable evidence. She is demonstrating the scientific attitude of

Mrs. Alfieri believes that her husband's angry outbursts against her result from his unconscious hatred of his own mother. Mrs. Alfieri is looking at her husband's behavior from a(n) ________ perspective.

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow are most closely associated with

Based on scientific theory of social influence, researchers tested the prediction that a threat to self-esteem increases conformity to peer pressure. The prediction that was tested best illustrates a(n)

On a series of coin tosses, Oleg has correctly predicted heads or tails seven times in a row. In this instance, we can reasonably conclude that Oleg's predictive accuracy

The nature-nurture issue refers to the debate over the relative contributions that ________ make to the development of psychological traits.

A concern with the reasoning processes that contribute to effective problem solving is most characteristic of the ________ perspective.

Three key attitudes of scientific inquiry are

Professor Shalet contends that parents and children have similar levels of intelligence largely because they share common genes. His idea is best described as a(n)